:root {
  --bg: #F1F1EE; /* Cool grey-white paper, the main canvas. */
  --ink: #161616; /* Near-black printing ink for primary text. */
  --accent: #B3261F; /* Editorial red, adjusted for accessible small text. */
  --muted: #565853; /* Secondary text and pencilled notes on grey paper (6.4:1). */
  --line: #C9CBC5; /* Quiet rules separating the page. */
  --paper-dark: #E3E4E0; /* Inset paper and illustration shadows. */
  --margin-rule: #E2A6A2; /* The faint red margin line beside the reading text. */
  --art-warm: #DCD6C8; /* Afternoon light inside the drawn window. */
  --art-hill: #A8ABA3; /* Hills in the essay illustration. */
  --font-display: "Literata", Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif; /* Literary headings and reading text. */
  --font-body: "IBM Plex Mono", ui-monospace, Menlo, Consolas, monospace; /* Typewritten marginalia, labels, and navigation. */
  --gutter: clamp(22px, 5.2vw, 100px); /* The outside margin grows with the page. */
}
*, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; }
html { scroll-behavior: smooth; scroll-padding-top: 28px; }
body { margin: 0; background: var(--bg); color: var(--ink); font-family: var(--font-body); font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.6; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; }
a { color: inherit; text-underline-offset: 5px; }
button, input { font: inherit; }
button, a, summary { -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent; }
button { color: inherit; }
a:focus-visible, button:focus-visible, input:focus-visible, summary:focus-visible { outline: 3px solid var(--accent); outline-offset: 4px; border-radius: 2px; }
.email-row button:focus-visible { outline-color: var(--ink); box-shadow: 0 0 0 2px var(--bg) inset; }
::selection { background: var(--accent); color: var(--bg); }
[hidden] { display: none !important; }
h1, h2, h3, p { margin: 0; }
h1, h2, h3 { font-family: var(--font-display); font-weight: 400; }
h1, h2 { letter-spacing: -.066em; }
em { font-weight: 400; }
.wrap { width: min(100%, 1600px); padding-inline: var(--gutter); margin-inline: auto; }
.skip-link { position: fixed; z-index: 20; top: 14px; left: 14px; padding: 12px 20px; color: var(--bg); background: var(--ink); transform: translateY(-160%); }
.skip-link:focus { transform: translateY(0); }
.reading-progress { position: fixed; top: 0; left: 0; height: 3px; width: 100%; transform-origin: left; transform: scaleX(var(--reading-progress, 0)); background: var(--accent); z-index: 10; }
.site-header { min-height: 98px; display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; gap: 20px; }
.brand { font-family: var(--font-display); font-size: 31px; letter-spacing: -.08em; text-decoration: none; line-height: 1; }
.brand span { color: var(--accent); }
.site-header nav { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 20px; font-size: 12px; font-weight: 500; }
.site-header nav a { text-decoration: none; }
.site-header nav a:hover { color: var(--accent); }
.site-header nav a:nth-child(2) { display: none; }
.nav-subscribe { border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink); padding-block: 5px; }
.nav-subscribe span { margin-left: 6px; }
.eyebrow, .section-label, .hero-frequency, .issue, .art-caption, .clipping-source, .footer-bottom { font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.5; letter-spacing: .02em; }
.eyebrow { font-weight: 500; text-transform: uppercase; }
.hero { padding-top: 25px; padding-bottom: 38px; }
.hero-top { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; gap: 20px; border-top: 1px solid var(--ink); padding-top: 17px; }
.hero-frequency { text-align: right; color: var(--muted); max-width: 125px; }
.hero-frequency span { display: none; }
.hero-grid { position: relative; margin: 39px 0 27px; }
h1 { font-size: clamp(48px, 12.5vw, 76px); line-height: 1.13; letter-spacing: -.075em; white-space: nowrap; }
h1 em { color: var(--accent); }
.hero-margin { display: none; }
.hero-opening { display: grid; gap: 16px; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); padding-top: 20px; }
.opening-meta .eyebrow { color: var(--accent); }
.opening-title { font-family: var(--font-display); font-size: 26px; line-height: 1.2; letter-spacing: -.04em; margin-top: 8px; }
.opening-title a { text-decoration: none; }
.opening-title a:hover { color: var(--accent); }
.opening-kicker { font-size: 11px; color: var(--muted); margin-top: 6px; }
.opening-text { font-family: var(--font-display); font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.75; letter-spacing: -.01em; }
.opening-link { font-family: var(--font-body); font-size: 12px; font-weight: 500; color: var(--accent); white-space: nowrap; text-underline-offset: 4px; }
.opening-note { font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.65; color: var(--muted); padding-left: 14px; border-left: 1px solid var(--accent); }
.note-num { color: var(--accent); }
.text-link { display: inline-flex; justify-content: space-between; gap: 24px; align-items: center; font-size: 12px; font-weight: 500; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink); padding: 6px 0; text-decoration: none; }
.text-link:hover { color: var(--accent); border-color: var(--accent); }
.section-label { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; gap: 16px; border-top: 1px solid var(--ink); padding-top: 15px; color: var(--muted); }
.section-label > span:last-child { text-align: right; }
.sect { font-family: var(--font-display); font-weight: 400; font-style: italic; font-size: 20px; line-height: 0; color: var(--accent); margin-right: 10px; vertical-align: -2px; }
.latest { padding-top: 10px; padding-bottom: 66px; }
.essay-heading { margin-top: 45px; }
.essay-heading .eyebrow { color: var(--accent); margin-bottom: 13px; }
.essay-heading h2 { font-size: clamp(51px, 12vw, 92px); line-height: 1.05; }
.essay-deck { font-family: var(--font-display); font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.65; letter-spacing: -.025em; max-width: 350px; margin: 21px 0 33px; }
.essay-layout { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr); }
.essay-art { max-width: 620px; margin-bottom: 40px; }
.essay-art svg { display: block; width: 100%; height: auto; background: var(--paper-dark); }
.art-floor { fill: var(--bg); }
.art-window { fill: var(--art-warm); }
.art-ink { fill: var(--ink); }
.art-sky { fill: var(--bg); }
.art-sun { fill: var(--accent); }
.art-hill { fill: var(--art-hill); }
.art-hill-line { fill: none; stroke: var(--bg); stroke-width: 1; }
.art-open { fill: var(--paper-dark); stroke: var(--ink); stroke-width: 2; }
.art-frame { fill: none; stroke: var(--ink); stroke-width: 1; }
.art-sill { fill: var(--bg); stroke: var(--ink); stroke-width: 2; }
.art-sill-line, .art-line { fill: none; stroke: var(--ink); stroke-width: 1; }
.art-shadow { fill: url(#shade); }
.art-shade { stroke: var(--muted); stroke-width: .5; }
.art-caption { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; margin-top: 10px; color: var(--muted); }
.essay-body { font-family: var(--font-display); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: -.01em; line-height: 1.9; }
.continued { font-family: var(--font-body); font-size: 11px; letter-spacing: .02em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--muted); }
.continued::before { content: "… "; color: var(--accent); }
.essay-body p { margin-bottom: 22px; }
.dropcap::first-letter { float: left; font-size: 68px; line-height: .95; margin: 7px 12px 0 0; color: var(--accent); }
.essay-body blockquote { margin: 32px 0; padding-left: 22px; border-left: 2px solid var(--accent); font-size: 24px; line-height: 1.5; font-style: italic; letter-spacing: -.03em; }
sup { font-family: var(--font-body); line-height: 0; vertical-align: super; }
.note-marker { display: none; color: var(--accent); background: none; border: 0; padding: 5px 4px; cursor: pointer; font-size: 11px; font-weight: 500; }
.note-fallback { color: var(--accent); font-size: 11px; padding: 5px 4px; text-decoration: none; }
.js .note-marker { display: inline; }
.js .note-fallback { display: none; }
.note-marker[aria-expanded="true"] { background: var(--paper-dark); }
.essay-signature { font-style: italic; color: var(--accent); }
.marginalia { border-top: 1px solid var(--line); margin-top: 20px; padding-top: 22px; }
.marginalia .eyebrow { margin-bottom: 15px; color: var(--muted); }
details > summary { list-style: none; cursor: pointer; }
details > summary::-webkit-details-marker { display: none; }
.marginalia details { padding: 12px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); scroll-margin-top: 40px; }
.marginalia summary { display: flex; gap: 10px; font-size: 12px; font-weight: 500; }
.marginalia summary span { color: var(--accent); }
.marginalia summary::after { content: "+"; margin-left: auto; color: var(--accent); }
.marginalia details[open] summary::after { content: "−"; }
.marginalia details p { font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.7; padding: 12px 0 0 24px; color: var(--muted); overflow-wrap: anywhere; }
.margin-invitation { margin-top: 20px; font-family: var(--font-display); font-size: 15px; font-style: italic; color: var(--muted); }
.archive { padding-bottom: 64px; }
.archive-intro { margin: 41px 0 33px; }
.archive-intro h2 { font-size: clamp(40px, 10vw, 74px); line-height: 1.17; }
.archive-intro > p { font-size: 15px; font-family: var(--font-display); color: var(--muted); max-width: 280px; margin-top: 24px; }
.archive-year h3 { font-size: 31px; letter-spacing: -.06em; padding: 0 0 14px; }
.archive-year h3 span { font-family: var(--font-body); font-size: 11px; letter-spacing: .01em; color: var(--muted); margin-left: 12px; }
.essay-row, .archive-entry summary { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 25px minmax(0, 1fr) 32px 12px; gap: 8px; padding: 21px 0; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); text-decoration: none; align-items: baseline; }
.essay-number, .essay-date { font-size: 11px; font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; color: var(--muted); }
.essay-name { font-family: var(--font-display); font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: -.025em; line-height: 1.5; }
.essay-name small { display: block; font-family: var(--font-body); color: var(--muted); font-size: 11px; letter-spacing: .025em; margin-top: 6px; }
.row-arrow { color: var(--accent); }
.essay-row:hover .essay-name, .archive-entry summary:hover .essay-name { color: var(--accent); }
.archive-entry[open] summary .row-arrow { transform: rotate(45deg); }
.archive-entry > p { max-width: 620px; font-family: var(--font-display); font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.85; color: var(--muted); padding: 0 25px 23px 33px; }
.previous-year { margin-top: 26px; }
.commonplace { background: var(--paper-dark); padding-block: 25px 45px; }
.commonplace-heading { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; margin-top: 35px; gap: 20px; }
.commonplace-heading h2 { font-size: 36px; line-height: 1.3; }
.handmark { font-family: var(--font-display); font-size: 100px; line-height: .8; color: var(--accent); transform: rotate(10deg); }
.clippings { margin-top: 31px; }
.clipping { padding-block: 20px; border-top: 1px solid var(--line); }
.clipping .eyebrow { color: var(--accent); }
.clipping p { font-family: var(--font-display); font-size: 20px; letter-spacing: -.025em; line-height: 1.65; margin: 14px 0 18px; max-width: 350px; }
.clipping-source { color: var(--muted); }
.about { padding-block: 55px 58px; }
.about-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 62px minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 20px; margin-top: 42px; }
.author-monogram { position: relative; display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: center; font-family: var(--font-display); font-style: italic; color: var(--accent); font-size: 67px; line-height: .9; padding-top: 28px; }
.author-monogram::before { content: ""; position: absolute; inset: 0 0 auto; height: 185px; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 50%; }
.author-monogram span:last-of-type { margin-left: 7px; }
.monogram-caption { display: none; }
.about-copy .eyebrow { font-size: 11px; color: var(--muted); }
.about-copy h2 { font-size: 46px; line-height: 1.2; margin: 18px 0 23px; }
.about-copy > p:not(.eyebrow) { font-family: var(--font-display); font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.85; letter-spacing: -.01em; margin-bottom: 19px; }
.about-copy .text-link { margin-top: 8px; }
.readers { padding-bottom: 50px; }
.reader-quote { position: relative; margin-top: 20px; padding-top: 20px; }
.quote-mark { font-family: var(--font-display); color: var(--accent); font-size: 100px; line-height: 1; display: block; height: 70px; }
.reader-quote blockquote { margin: 0; font-family: var(--font-display); font-size: clamp(24px, 6vw, 52px); letter-spacing: -.045em; line-height: 1.5; }
.reader-quote > p { font-size: 12px; margin-top: 25px; }
.reader-quote > p span { color: var(--muted); }
.subscribe { padding-bottom: 52px; }
.subscribe-grid { padding-top: 37px; }
.subscribe-grid h2 { font-size: clamp(49px, 12vw, 86px); line-height: 1.16; }
.subscribe-grid h2 em { color: var(--accent); }
.subscribe-grid > div > p { font-size: 15px; font-family: var(--font-display); margin-top: 25px; }
.subscribe-form-wrap { margin-top: 38px; }
.subscribe-preface { font-family: var(--font-display); font-size: 18px !important; line-height: 1.7; }
form { margin-top: 29px; }
form label { display: block; font-size: 12px; color: var(--muted); margin-bottom: 8px; }
.email-row { display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 10px; }
input { min-width: 0; width: 100%; color: var(--ink); background: transparent; padding: 13px 0; border: 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink); border-radius: 0; font-size: 16px; }
input::placeholder { color: var(--muted); opacity: 1; }
.email-row button { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; gap: 20px; width: 100%; padding: 15px 19px; color: var(--bg); background: var(--ink); border: 1px solid var(--ink); cursor: pointer; font-size: 12px; }
.email-row button:hover { background: var(--accent); border-color: var(--accent); }
.email-row button:disabled { opacity: .6; cursor: default; }
.form-note { font-size: 12px; color: var(--muted); line-height: 1.7; margin-top: 16px; }
.confirmation { border-block: 1px solid var(--accent); padding: 24px 0; color: var(--accent); font-family: var(--font-display); font-size: 24px !important; }
.confirmation span { display: inline-block; font-family: var(--font-body); color: var(--ink); font-size: 12px; margin-top: 12px; }
.no-script-note { font-size: 12px; margin-top: 15px; overflow-wrap: anywhere; }
.site-footer { padding-bottom: 22px; }
.footer-top { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 26px 20px; border-top: 1px solid var(--ink); padding-block: 28px; align-items: center; }
.footer-top > p { font-family: var(--font-display); font-size: 16px; text-align: right; }
.footer-top .text-link { justify-self: start; grid-column: 1 / -1; }
.footer-bottom { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; justify-content: space-between; gap: 12px; color: var(--muted); border-top: 1px solid var(--line); padding-top: 20px; font-size: 11px; }
.footer-bottom > span:nth-child(2) { order: 3; width: 100%; }
.footer-bottom a { text-decoration: none; }
.visually-hidden { position: absolute; width: 1px; height: 1px; padding: 0; margin: -1px; overflow: clip; clip-path: inset(50%); white-space: nowrap; border: 0; }
@media (max-width: 599px) {
  .site-header nav a, .nav-subscribe, .opening-link { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; min-height: 44px; }
  .site-header nav a { padding: 10px 4px; }
}
@media (min-width: 600px) {
  .site-header { min-height: 112px; }
  .site-header nav { font-size: 12px; gap: 30px; }
  .site-header nav a:nth-child(2) { display: block; }
  .hero { padding-top: 35px; padding-bottom: 66px; }
  .hero-frequency { max-width: none; }
  .hero-frequency span { display: inline; }
  .hero-grid { margin-block: 50px 38px; }
  h1 { font-size: clamp(76px, 11vw, 165px); }
  .hero-opening { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, .8fr) minmax(0, 1.4fr); gap: 20px 32px; }
  .opening-note { grid-column: 2; }
  .opening-text { padding-left: 24px; border-left: 1px solid var(--margin-rule); }
  .essay-heading { margin-top: 60px; }
  .essay-heading h2 { font-size: 90px; }
  .essay-deck { max-width: 440px; font-size: 21px; margin-top: 25px; }
  .essay-layout { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) minmax(0, 1.1fr); gap: 35px; align-items: start; }
  .essay-art { position: sticky; top: 30px; }
  .essay-body { font-size: 17px; }
  .marginalia { grid-column: 2; margin-top: 0; }
  .archive-intro { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: end; gap: 40px; margin-block: 60px 50px; }
  .archive-intro h2 { font-size: 59px; }
  .archive-intro > p { max-width: 220px; }
  .essay-name { font-size: 22px; }
  .essay-row, .archive-entry summary { grid-template-columns: 34px minmax(0, 1fr) 45px 15px; gap: 15px; }
  .commonplace-heading h2 { font-size: 49px; }
  .clippings { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 0 35px; }
  .clipping:last-child { grid-column: 1 / -1; }
  .clipping:last-child p { max-width: 540px; }
  .about-grid { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, .7fr) minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 65px; }
  .author-monogram { font-size: 180px; padding-top: 65px; max-width: 280px; }
  .author-monogram::before { height: 425px; }
  .monogram-caption { display: block; font-family: var(--font-body); font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.7; font-style: normal; color: var(--muted); margin-top: 70px; text-align: center; }
  .about-copy h2 { font-size: 64px; }
  .about-copy > p:not(.eyebrow) { font-size: 18px; }
  .reader-quote { padding: 30px 0 20px 70px; }
  .quote-mark { position: absolute; top: 20px; left: 0; font-size: 140px; }
  .subscribe-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 55px; align-items: center; padding-top: 50px; }
  .subscribe-form-wrap { margin-top: 0; }
  .subscribe-grid h2 { font-size: 61px; }
  .footer-top { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr 1fr; }
  .footer-top > p { text-align: center; }
  .footer-top .text-link { grid-column: auto; justify-self: end; }
  .footer-bottom > span:nth-child(2) { width: auto; order: initial; }
}
@media (min-width: 1000px) {
  .site-header { min-height: 128px; }
  .brand { font-size: 37px; }
  .site-header nav { gap: 43px; }
  .hero { padding-top: 40px; padding-bottom: 85px; }
  .hero-top, .section-label { font-size: 11px; }
  .hero-grid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 220px; gap: 40px; margin-block: 40px 40px; }
  h1 { font-size: clamp(100px, 9vw, 140px); line-height: 1.06; }
  .hero-margin { display: block; padding-top: 10px; align-self: center; }
  .hero-aside { color: var(--muted); margin-top: 18px; }
  .margin-cross { display: block; color: var(--accent); font-size: 40px; font-family: var(--font-display); line-height: 1; margin-bottom: 30px; }
  .hero-margin p { font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.75; }
  .issue { display: block; color: var(--muted); margin-top: 24px; }
  .hero-opening { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, .75fr) minmax(0, 1.6fr) 220px; gap: 40px; padding-top: 26px; }
  .opening-note { grid-column: auto; margin-top: 6px; }
  .opening-title { font-size: 34px; }
  .opening-text { font-size: 21px; line-height: 1.7; padding-left: 32px; }
  .opening-text.dropcap::first-letter { font-size: 84px; }
  .latest { padding-bottom: 95px; }
  .essay-heading { margin: 64px 0 36px 32%; }
  .essay-heading h2 { font-size: 110px; }
  .essay-deck { max-width: 480px; }
  .essay-layout { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.1fr) minmax(0, 1.65fr) minmax(0, .62fr); gap: clamp(32px, 4vw, 65px); }
  .essay-art { top: 42px; margin-top: 7px; }
  .essay-body { font-size: 19px; }
  .essay-body blockquote { font-size: 31px; margin-block: 38px; }
  .marginalia { grid-column: auto; border: 0; padding-top: 9px; }
  .marginalia details { padding-block: 20px; }
  .marginalia summary { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 24px minmax(0, 1fr) 16px; gap: 8px; font-size: 12px; }
  .marginalia summary::after { display: block; margin-left: 0; }
  .marginalia details p { padding-left: 32px; font-size: 15px; }
  .marginalia details:first-of-type { margin-bottom: 130px; }
  .margin-invitation { margin-top: 35px; font-size: 15px; }
  .archive { padding-bottom: 95px; }
  .archive-intro { margin-block: 64px 64px; }
  .archive-intro h2 { font-size: 78px; }
  .archive-intro > p { max-width: 320px; font-size: 16px; margin-right: 7%; }
  .archive-year { display: grid; grid-template-columns: .32fr 1fr; gap: 50px; }
  .archive-year h3 { font-size: 54px; line-height: 1; padding-top: 16px; }
  .archive-year h3 span { display: block; margin: 15px 0 0; }
  .essay-row, .archive-entry summary { grid-template-columns: 36px minmax(0, 1fr) 48px 18px; padding-block: 25px; gap: 18px; }
  .essay-name { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: baseline; gap: 15px; font-size: 23px; }
  .essay-name small { flex-shrink: 0; margin: 0; }
  .archive-entry > p { padding-left: 54px; font-size: 17px; }
  .previous-year { margin-top: 40px; }
  .commonplace { padding-block: 38px 62px; }
  .commonplace-heading { margin-top: 52px; }
  .commonplace-heading h2 { font-size: 61px; }
  .handmark { font-size: 155px; margin-right: 10%; }
  .clippings { grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr)); gap: 60px; margin-top: 45px; }
  .clipping:last-child { grid-column: auto; }
  .clipping { padding-block: 23px 0; }
  .clipping p { font-size: 23px; margin-block: 23px 31px; }
  .about { padding-block: 90px 100px; }
  .about-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; margin: 75px 6% 0; gap: 100px; }
  .author-monogram { max-width: 370px; width: 100%; font-size: 220px; padding-top: 72px; }
  .author-monogram::before { height: 520px; }
  .monogram-caption { margin-top: 85px; }
  .about-copy h2 { font-size: 84px; margin-bottom: 32px; }
  .about-copy > p:not(.eyebrow) { font-size: 18px; }
  .readers { padding-bottom: 85px; }
  .reader-quote { margin: 37px 8% 0; padding: 38px 0 0 96px; }
  .quote-mark { font-size: 180px; }
  .reader-quote blockquote { font-size: 55px; }
  .reader-quote > p { margin-top: 31px; font-size: 12px; }
  .subscribe { padding-bottom: 91px; }
  .subscribe-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr .95fr; gap: 100px; padding-top: 63px; }
  .subscribe-grid h2 { font-size: 93px; }
  .subscribe-grid > div > p { font-size: 17px; }
  .subscribe-preface { font-size: 24px !important; }
  .email-row { flex-direction: row; gap: 15px; }
  .email-row button { width: 148px; flex-shrink: 0; }
  .email-row input { flex: 1; }
  .footer-top { padding-block: 40px; }
  .footer-top .brand { font-size: 52px; }
  .footer-top > p { font-size: 18px; }
  .footer-bottom { font-size: 11px; padding-block: 23px 12px; }
}
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  html { scroll-behavior: auto; }
  *, *::before, *::after { animation: none !important; transition: none !important; }
}